Ha'penny Bridge
Ha'penny Bridge Droichead na Life[1] | |
|---|---|
 Ha'penny Bridge in Dublin | |
| Coordinates | 53°20′46″N 6°15′47″W / 53.3461°N 6.263°W |
| Carries | Pedestrians[2] |
| Crosses | River Liffey |
| Locale | Dublin, Ireland |
| Other name(s) | Liffey Bridge (official), Wellington Bridge (historical) |
| Next upstream | Millennium Bridge |
| Next downstream | O'Connell Bridge |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Arch bridge[2] |
| Material | Cast iron (arch), wood (deck)[2] Cement (deck) (2015) |
| Total length | 43 m (141 ft)[3] with a 3.35 m (11.0 ft) rise[2] |
| Width | 3.66 m (12.0 ft)[3] |
| No. of spans | 1 |
| History | |
| Designer | John Windsor |
| Opened | May 1816 |
| Location | |
 | |
The Ha'penny Bridge (/ˈheɪpni/ HAYP-nee; Irish: Droichead na Leathphingine, or Droichead na Life), known later for a time as the Penny Ha'penny Bridge, and officially the Liffey Bridge, is a pedestrian bridge built in May 1816 over the River Liffey in Dublin, Ireland.[2][4] Made of cast iron, the bridge was cast in Shropshire, England.[5]
Name
[edit]
Originally called the Wellington Bridge (after the Dublin-born Duke of Wellington), the name of the bridge was changed to Liffey Bridge after the Irish War of Independence in 1922. Liffey Bridge (Irish: Droichead na Life)[1] remains the bridge's official name to this day, although it is most commonly referred to as the Ha'penny Bridge.
History
[edit]Before the Ha'penny Bridge was built there were seven ferries, operated by William Walsh, across the Liffey.[2] The ferries were in bad condition and Walsh was informed that he had to either fix them or build a bridge. Walsh chose the latter option and the bridge was opened in May 1816, with Walsh holding the right to extract a ha'penny toll from anyone crossing it for 100 years.[6][7]
Initially, the toll charge was based not on the cost of construction, but to match the charges levied by the ferries it replaced. A further condition of construction was that, if the citizens of Dublin found the bridge and toll to be "objectionable" within its first year of operation, it was to be removed at no cost to the city.[3]
The toll was increased for a time to a penny-ha'penny (1½ pence), but was eventually dropped in 1919. While the toll was in operation, there were turnstiles at either end of the bridge.
The manufacture of the bridge was commissioned by the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, John Claudius Beresford with the Coalbrookdale Company of England. Using ore originally mined in County Leitrim's Sliabh an Iarainn,[8] the bridge's cast iron ribs were made in 18 sections and then shipped to Dublin. The design and erection was supervised by John Windsor, one of the company's foremen and a pattern-maker.[9]
Renovation and maintenance
[edit]In 2001, the number of pedestrians using the bridge on a daily basis was 27,000 and, given these traffic levels, a structural survey indicated that renovation was required.[3] The bridge was closed for repair and renovations during 2001 and was reopened in December 2001,[5] sporting its original white colour.
The structure was rebuilt to retain many of its old components, although, controversially, some features were removed. The repair work was carried out by Harland and Wolff.[10]
In 2012, citing a maintenance and damage risk, Dublin City Council removed a number of love locks from the Ha'penny Bridge and nearby Millennium Bridge, and asked people not to add any more.[11] In 2013, the council removed over 300 kilograms (660 lb) of locks from the bridge, and signage was added asking people not to put padlocks on the bridge.[12][13]
On 19 May 2016, the bicentenary of the bridge was celebrated with a symbolic procession over the bridge involving the current Lord Mayor, Críona Ní Dhálaigh, descendants of J. C. Beresford and John Windsor from England.[9]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b "Droichead na Life / Ha'penny Bridge". Logainm.ie. Placenames Commission of Ireland. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Ha'penny Bridge at Structurae
- ^ a b c d Project history of Dublin’s River Liffey bridges (PDF). Bridge Engineering 156 Issue BE4 (Report). Phillips & Hamilton. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
- ^ "Dublin's Ha'penny Bridge reaches its 200th birthday". Irish Times. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ a b "Archiseek page on the Ha'penny Bridge". Archiseek. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Iconic Ha'penny Bridge turns 200 years old today". Irish Independent. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Dublin's Ha'penny Bridge reaches its 200th birthday". Irish Times. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2016.
- ^ "Leitrim iron built Ha'penny bridge". Leitrim Observer. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
- ^ a b "Spanning the years as bridge celebrates, Descendants of designer invited to city for anniversary". Shropshire Star. 20 May 2016. p. 4.Report by Toby Neal, of bicentenary celebrations, also highlighting the Shropshire origins of the bridge.
- ^ "Dublin bridge reopens after 'make-over'". BBC News. 21 December 2001.
- ^ "Where's the love? Council removes 'love padlocks' from Dublin's Ha'penny Bridge". thejournal.ie. 13 January 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2012.
- ^ Genevieve Carbery (26 February 2014). "Council sign calls on couples not to lock love to Ha'penny bridge".
- ^ Shane Hegarty (3 May 2014). "I love you. Let's vandalise the Ha'penny Bridge". Irish Times.
External links
[edit]- Ha'penny Bridge entry on Dublin City Council's Bridges of Dublin web site
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| Geographic | |
